In the recent past, a prominent role for LGALS3BP in tumor progression and spreading has been elucidated, and a growing body of evidence is accumulating supporting the notion that this multifunction hyperglycosylated protein is a drive force in different processes leading to cell transformation. On the other hand, LGALS3BP expression was found to be induced by viral infection and in response to a variety of cytokines unleashed by inflammatory processes, including IFN-α (Interferon), IFN-β, IFN-γ, TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor). In parallel, it was identified as a novel ligand of beta-galactoside binding lectin galectin-3 (formerly Mac-2). LGALS3BP was first discovered from two independent research groups as a 90KDa tumor-associated antigen recognized by SP2 monoclonal antibody in CG-5 human breast cancer cells and by 元 monoclonal antibody in Calu-1 human lung cancer cells. Furthermore, intracellular LGALS3BP has a role in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases by suppressing TAK1-dependent NF-κB activation and regulates centriole biogenesis and centrosome hypertrophy in cancer cells. Indeed, it was demonstrated that intracellular LGALS3BP reduced the amount of HIV Gag at the plasma membrane via interaction with vimentin and inhibits the proteolytic maturation of HIV gp160/Env. Although most of the investigated functions are related to the secreted form of the protein, LGALS3BP possesses intracellular activity, mainly implicated in the regulation of the innate immune responses.
Functionally, LGALS3BP role has been mainly investigated in two contexts: neoplastic transformation and innate immunity. Changes in protein glycosylation can result in altered glycoprotein conformation, oligomerization, and turnover and can also be associated with altered cell signaling pathways, like proliferative signaling, resistance to cell death, evasion of growth suppression, genome instability and mutation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, and immune evasion. The major types of changes in protein glycosylation associated with neoplastic transformation include changes in O-glycans (GalNAc-Ser/Thr) and N-glycan. Glycoproteins are a class of proteins containing glycans linked to amino acid side chains, and they play an important role in cancer because cellular transformation is typically accompanied by changes in protein glycosylation. Gal-3BP, 90 K, Mac2-BP) is a secreted multifunction glycoprotein present in human body fluids. A fact, which Beyond the Black will celebrate on a huge Co-HeadlineTour through Europe in 2022 together with their Swedish Modern Melodic Metal mates in Amaranthe.LGALS3BP (a.k.a. The highly anticipated “Horizons” was finally released on June 19th 2020, entered the German album charts on #3 (CH #6, AT #16, BE #53) and marks the band’s most successful album release to date.
In the course of album release number three (“Heart Of the Hurricane”) Beyond the Black absolved their first own European Headline Tour in Fall 2019 consisting of over 20 shows in 10 countries – most of them sold out.Įven before finishing their touring cycle in 2019 Beyond the Black got back to the studio to write record number four. Already their 2015 debut album hit like a bomb in their home country. Since the band’s live debut in 2014 they have played the world’s biggest Metal festival Wacken Open Air several times and toured as a support act for heavyweights such as Aerosmith, Korn, Scorpions, Saxon or Within Temptation. German Symphonic Metal shooting stars Beyond the Black look back on a stratospheric success story.
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